Day 4 - Chapter 2 and Start of Chapter 3

This is a short video that describes electrons and how they surround the nucleus in "shells" or "orbits". It was made by a student - I don't endorse jumping off of ladders. Click here to see the video.

Today's assignments are:

Read pages 64-81

Pg 67 Reading Check #1 - 3

Pg 72 - 1- 19 Chapter Review - There will be a quiz on Chapter 2 tomorrow

We began reading Chapter 3 today on the topic of Compounds and bonding.

Pg 79 # 1- 5

Answers:

Reading Check Answers, p. 67
1. 2, 8, 8, 18
2. (a) H 1p 1
(b) Li 3p 2, 1
(c) Na 11p 2, 8, 1
(d) K 19p 2, 8, 8, 1
3. (a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 7
(d) 8

Checking Concepts
1. An element is a pure substance made of only
one kind of atom. Specifically, all the atoms of
the element have the same number of protons.
2. Accept all logical answers. For example, pennies
contain copper and zinc, and ice cubes
contain hydrogen and oxygen.
3. (a) Phosphorus
(b) Beryllium
(c) Potassium
(d) Cobalt
4. (a) He
(b) Li
(c) B
(d) Mg
(e) Ca
5. Mercury and bromine
6. Shiny, silver coloured, malleable, ductile, conduct
electricity, conduct heat
7. (a) Carbon, other metals
(b) Steel
8. Mercury is liquid at room temperature and is
not as good a conductor as silver.
9. Periodic table
10. Atomic mass measures the mass of an atom of
the element.
11. Number of protons = atomic number
12. A chemical family is a group of elements that
have similar chemical and physical properties.
They occur in columns of the periodic table.
13. Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens,
noble gases
14. Less reactive
15. They are unreactive.
16. A Bohr model represents the arrangement of
electrons in an atom.
17. (a) The valence shell is the outermost occupied
electron shell in an atom.
(b) A valence electron is an electron that occupies
the valence shell.
18. (a) 1
(b) 3
(c) 6
(d) 8
19. (a) Noble gases
(b) Their filled valence shells make the atoms
of the noble gases unreactive.


Reading Check Answers, p. 79
1. Elements can combine into ionic compounds
by transferring electrons or covalent compounds
by sharing electrons.
2. In covalent compounds, atoms are connected
to each other by sharing a pair of electrons.
3. Sample answer: water
4. Sample answer: table salt
5. To form an ionic compound, metallic elements
must lose one or more electrons to form a
positive ion, while non-metallic elements must
gain one or more electrons to form a negative
ion.