Day 2 - Physical / Chemical Changes and the Atom

Reminder there is a Chapter 1 quiz on day 3!

Today we assigned:


Pg 23Reading Check # 1-4


Pg 27 - Checking Concepts - Physical and Chemical Change # 1- 10, 14

Pg 33 Reading Check # 1 -7 Atomic Theory

Pg 38 Chapter 1 Review #1-16

Here are the answers for the quiz for Chapter 1
Quiz Answers

1. B
2. A
3. D
4. A

5. B
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. A

11. B
12. E
13. D
14. H
15. A
16. G


Reading Check Answers, p. 23
1. Malleability describes the ability
be beaten into sheets.
2. Smell is a qualitative property.
3. One
4. Elements and compounds


SECTION 1.2 ASSESSMENT, p. 27
Check Your Understanding Answers
Checking Concepts
1. Mass and volume
2. In a chemical change, substances combine to
form new substances.
3. In a physical change, such as a change of state,
there may be a change in appearance but no
new substances form.
4. Changes of state are changes between solid,
liquid, and gas.
5. Heating causes particles to vibrate faster and
the spaces between them to increase.
6. Solid, liquid, gas
7. The particles in a liquid can slip by each other,
resulting in the liquid taking on the shape of
its container, but since the particles remain in
contact with each other the liquid cannot
expand to fill the container.
8. The melting point of the oil is the same as the
solidifying point: 5.0°C.
9. The kinetic energy of the water molecules
increases and the particles bounce more vigorously
against each other, creating more space.
Some particles gain enough energy to break
completely free of the liquid water.
10. Greater kinetic energy equates to greater
movement of particles.
14. (a) Liquid
(b) Gas
(c) Liquid


Reading Check Answers, p. 33
1. Alchemists wanted to turn common metals
such as lead and mercury into gold.
2. The atoms in Dalton’s model were indivisible;
in Thompson’s model, atoms were made up of
subatomic particles, such as the electron.
3. Rutherford discovered the nucleus, a dense,
positively charged region in the centre of the
atom.
4. In Thompson’s model, the positive charge was
spread out over the whole atom; in Rutherford’s
model, the positive charge was concentrated
into a tiny nucleus.
5. Bohr discovered that electrons in an atom are
arranged in energy levels, or shells, within the
atom.
6. Positive
7. Negative


Checking Concepts
1. (a) Call “Fire!” Smother the fire (possibly by
using Stop, Drop, and Roll or with a fire
blanket).
(b) Wash your eye immediately for 15 min.
Inform your teacher. Seek medical help if
necessary.
(c) Take the container to your teacher.
(d) Make sure your hands are dry. Pull the
cord by the plug, not the cord.
2. Accept all logical answers. Sample answer:
Failure to use safety eyewear could result in
chemicals entering the eye and causing blindness.
Horseplay could lead to spilling a chemical
such as acid and causing damage to skin.
Leaving a Bunsen burner unattended could
lead to a fire or explosion.
3. Workplace Hazardous Materials Information
System
4. (a) Flammable and combustible material
(b) Poisonous material causing other toxic
effects
(c) Biohazardous infectious material
(d) Corrosive material
5. (a) Container can explode.
(b) Product inside container is corrosive.
6. A chemical change is a change in matter that
occurs when substances combine to form new
substances. When physical changes occur,
there may be a change in appearance but no
new substances form.
7. A change of state is a change between solid,
liquid, and gas.
8. (a) The melting point of water is the temperature
at which water turns from solid to
liquid, which is 0°C.
(b) The boiling point of water is the temperature
at which water turns from liquid to
gas, which is 100°C.
9. The freezing point of water and the melting
point of water are exactly the same temperature,
0°C.
10. An atom is the smallest particle of an element
that retains the properties of the element.
11. (a) Thomson
(b) Rutherford
(c) Dalton
(d) Thomson
(e) Bohr
(f) Dalton
(g) Bohr
(h) Thomson
(i) Rutherford
12. (a) A subatomic particle is a particle that combines
with other particles to form atoms.
(b) Protons, electrons, neutrons
13. Protons and neutrons
14. (a) Proton and electron
(b) Neutron
(c) Electron
(d) Neutron
(e) Proton and neutron
(f) Proton and neutron
(g) Proton
(h) Electron
(i) Protons and electrons
15. The nucleus occupies less than 0.01% of the
whole volume of the atom.
16. The nucleus of every atom contains one or
more protons, giving every nucleus a positive
charge. There may be neutrons in the nucleus,
but they have no effect on its electric charge.